① Kulephera kukwaniritsa zomverera za kusanthula: mawonekedwe ofewa amasiyanasiyana kutengera zofunikira za makasitomala, monga kusungunuka, kusalala, kusinthika, zofewa, zonunkhira zimasankhidwa malinga ndi masitaeni osiyana. Pa mafilimu ofewa, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mafilimu ofewa, omwe ali ndi madigiri osiyanasiyana ofewa, moluma, mosakolonda, chikasu, ndikukhudza mayamwidwe amadzi; M'mafuta a silika, katundu wa mafuta osinthika a silicane yosiyanasiyana ndi yosiyananso, monga mafuta osasinthika a silika, mafuta a carboxyl osinthika silika, etc.
Kusintha kwa Mtundu ndi chikasu: Nthawi zambiri zimayambitsidwa ndi kupezeka kwa magulu a amino mu mafilimu ena ofewa ndi mafuta a amino silicone mafuta. Mu kanema wofewa, filimu yofewa yofewa imakhala yofewa ndipo imamva bwino. Ndikosavuta kwa Adsorb pa nsalu, koma amakonda kukoka chikasu komanso kusakanizira, zomwe zimakhudza hydrophilicity. Ngati makanema ofewa amasinthidwa kukhala ufa wofewa wamafuta, chikasu chake chidzachepetsedwa ndipo hydrophilicity idzasinthidwa. Mwachitsanzo, pophatikiza makanema ofewa ndi ma hydrophilic silicone mafuta kapena ma hydrophilic kumaliza ntchito, hydrophicity yake idzasintha.
Makanema a Anionic kapena omwe sakhala a ionic sakonda chikasu, ndipo mafilimu ena samakhala achikasu ndipo samakhudza hydrophilicity.
Mafuta amino silicacine pakadali pano amagwiritsidwa ntchito mafuta ambiri, koma amino amatha kuyambitsa kusungunuka komanso chikasu. Mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri ammonia, chikasu. Mafuta ochepa achikasu kapena mafuta osinthika, epoxy mafuta osasinthika omwe sakonda chikasu amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwake.
Kuphatikiza apo, okondana okonda kupanga monga 1227, 1831 ndi 1631 nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma emulifiers mu polymeers mu polymerization, womwe umayambitsa chikasu.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ma emulsifiers osiyanasiyana pa emulsization yamafuta a emulsirition zotsatira "zotulukapo zotuluka", zomwe zingapangitse mtundu wowombera pansi pamikhalidwe yopepuka ndipo imawerengedwa kale.
Kuchepa kwa nsalu zamatenda nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zimapangidwa ndi ma genicone mafuta a slicle opanga ma cellose, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa mayamwidwe. Mafilimu anic komanso osakhala ofewa komanso mitundu ya hydrophilic ya mafuta a silika ayenera kusankhidwa momwe angathere.
Malo amdima: Chifukwa chachikulu ndikuti madontho omwe ali pa nsalu sanachotsedwe kwathunthu panthawi yochita masewerawa, ndipo mtundu wamawondo wamafuta unali wopanda nkhawa. Kapena pali chithovu chambiri mu kusamba chopaka, ndi osakaniza a chithovu ndi thukuta, utoto, etc. amakhazikika pa nsalu; Kapena mafuta oyandama amayambitsa mawanga akuda; Kapena phur ngati zinthu mu VAT ya utoto imamamatira ku nsalu; Kapena utoto wophatikizika mu malo amdima amdima pansi pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana; Kapena chifukwa cha calcium komanso magnesium mamadzi m'madzi, omwe amapezeka ndi utoto ndikumatira nsalu. Mankhwalawa ayenera kuchitika, monga kuwonjezera mabungwe othandizira pakuyenga nthawi yochotsa mafuta, kuwonjezera zosintha zoyatsira mafuta, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oyeretsa oyeretsa munthawi yake.
Malo owala achikuda: Chifukwa chachikulu sichimathandizanso, ndikupangitsa tsitsi loyipa m'malo ena Kuyika madzi musanayime utoto, kapena mawanga othandizira omwe amayambitsidwa ndi chithandizo pambuyo pake monga kufewetsa utoto. Mofananamo, chithandizo chofufuzira ndichofunikira, monga kulimbikitsa chithandizo. Mukamasankha zowonjezera zisanachitike, ndikofunikira kupewa mapangidwe a calcium mapicnium sopo, ndipo chithandizo chikuyenera kukhala yunifolomu (chomwe chikugwirizana ndi kusankha kwa othandizira oyeretsa, othandizira a sewero, etc.). Ufa waufa, phulusa wa koloko, etc. Ayenera kukonzedwa bwino ndikuyika mu thanki, ndi ntchito yoyang'anira ntchito iyenera kulimbikitsidwa.

Masamba a alkali: Chifukwa chachikulu ndikuti kuchotsedwa kwa alkali pambuyo poti chithandizo (monga kupukuta, kupukuta kwa silika) sikoyera kapena yunifolomu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma alkali apangidwe. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kulimbitsa njira yochotsa ma alkalinira pa njira yothandizira.
⑦ Softener Stain:
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe izi:
a. Zithunzi zofewa zofewa, zomwe zimakhala ndi solon zooneka ngati sofener yotsatira ku nsalu;
b. Pali chithovu chambiri pambuyo pa filimuyo yasungunuka. Pamene nsalu ituluka mu Vat, nsaluyo imapangidwa ndi thovu ya sofenner;
c. Ubwino wamadzi osauka, kulimba kwambiri, zosautsa m'madzi kuphatikiza ndi softener ndikuphatikizira pa nsalu. Mafakitale ena amagwiritsa ntchito sodium hexametaphsphate kapena kuthira madzi, omwe amapanga maboti okhala m'madzi ndi masamba omwe ali m'madzi atangosamba osamba mankhwalawa;
d. Chovalacho chimakutidwa ndi zinthu za anionic, zomwe zimaphatikizana ndi zofewa zopanga madontho pokonza, kapena nsaluyi imaphimbidwa ndi alkali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ofewetsa azofuke;
e. Kapangidwe ka zofewa kumasiyanasiyana, ndipo ena angawapangitse kusintha kuchokera ku boma lokhalamo ndi chinthu ngati chinthu ndikutsatira nsalu pamatenthedwe apamwamba.
f. Pali zofewa monga zofewa ndi zinthu zina zomwe zili pasilinda zomwe zimagwera ndikumatira ku nsalu.
⑧ Maofesi a Mafuta a Silicone: Ili ndiye mtundu wovuta kwambiri wa madontho omwe amagwira, makamaka chifukwa:
a. Mtengo wa nsalu wa nsaluyo sukulowerera ndale sikuti ndi alkali, ndikupangitsa mafuta a silika kuti agwetse;
b. Mtengo wamadzi wa kusamba ndi wosauka kwambiri komanso kuuma kwake ndi kwakukulu kwambiri. Mafuta a sililicone amakonda kwambiri mafuta m'madzi omwe amakhala ndi kuuma kwakukulu kuposa 150ppmu;
c. Nkhani zamtundu wa silika zimaphatikizapo osauka osauka (kusankha kosayenera kwa emulsifiers, njira yopanda mphamvu, ndi ilc.).
Mutha kusankha mafuta a silicone omwe sagwirizana ndi akasupe, electrolyte, ndi pH kusintha, koma muyenera kusamala ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi malo a mafuta a silika. Mutha kuganiziranso kusankha silika wamafuta.
⑨ Wosauka wosauka:
Zosauka zowoneka bwino zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito makina owonda (monga kuwongolera kukangana, kuthamanga kwamphamvu, etc.). Chifukwa choseketsa, mukamagwiritsa ntchito sofener (yomwe imadziwika kuti mumalowerera), kuwongolera ma gening ndi okondana ndi zitsulo za nsaluyo ndi kiyi. Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe a softring ndiofunikira. Ngati softener sigwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, imatha kuchititsa mwachindunji mwachindunji, ndipo ngakhale zimayambitsa kuwononga kapena kusintha mu mulifupi.
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Post Nthawi: Nov-01-2024