Zogulitsa zathu zazikulu: Amino silikoni, silikoni chipika, silikoni hydrophilic, onse a silikoni emulsion awo, nyongolotsi akusisita fastness improver, madzi othamangitsa (Fluorine free, Mpweya 6, Mpweya 8), demin kutsuka mankhwala (ABS, Enzyme, Spandex mtetezi, Manganese remover) , Maiko otumiza kunja: India, Pakistanrk, Bangladesh, Türkçe

 

Popanga mankhwala, chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, fumbi ndi dothi monga ma polima, coking, mafuta ndi fumbi, sikelo, matope, ndi zowononga zimatha kuchitika mu zida ndi mapaipi. Izi zimakhudza kwambiri kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka zida, motero ndikofunikira kuyeretsa zida za mankhwala.

Kuyeretsa zida zamakina kumaphatikizapo mitundu iwiri: kuyeretsa pa intaneti komanso kuyeretsa popanda intaneti.

 

Kuyeretsa pa intaneti

Gwiritsani ntchito nsanja yoziziritsa m'madzi ozungulira ngati bokosi la dosing kuti muwonjezere mankhwala ku dongosolo la kufalikira kwachilengedwe.

Ubwino wake: Zida siziyenera kutsekedwa ndipo sizikhudza kupanga ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwanthawi zonse.

Zoyipa: Kuyeretsa sikuli bwino kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kuyeretsa kunja kwa intaneti. Kuyeretsa nthawi yayitali komanso kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa zida.

 

Kuchapira popanda intaneti

Zimatanthawuza njira yochotsa zinthu zomwe zimayenera kutsukidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo kapena mapaipi ndikupita nazo kumalo ena (zogwirizana ndi malo oyambirira a zigawozo) kuti ziyeretsedwe.

Kuyeretsa kwapaintaneti kumatha kugawidwa kukhala kuyeretsa thupi komanso kuyeretsa mankhwala.

Kuyeretsa mwakuthupi: Gwiritsani ntchito madzi othamanga kwambiri poyeretsa zida. Zida zoyeretsera zothamanga kwambiri zimafunikira.

Kuyeretsa mankhwala: Chotsani chotenthetsera padera ndikulumikiza mapaipi olowera ndi otuluka amadzi ozungulira kugalimoto yoyeretsera kuti ayendetse. Chemical kuyeretsa kuli ndi izi:

Ubwino: Kuchepetsa mlingo wa mankhwala komanso kuyeretsa bwino.

Zoyipa: Zida zofananira zimafunikira, monga kuyeretsa magalimoto kapena akasinja amadzi, mapampu othamanga kwambiri, mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana olumikizira ma valve, zida zowotcherera, ndi zina zambiri.

 

Pali mitundu iwiri yoyeretsera mankhwala: kutsuka kwa asidi ndi kutsuka kwa alkali.

Kutsuka kwa alkali: makamaka kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa zinthu zachilengedwe, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, madontho amafuta ndi zomangira zina mkati mwa zida, monga zoletsa dzimbiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuyika zida. Kutsuka kwa alkaline kungathandizenso kumasula, kumasula, kusungunula, ndi kumwaza mchere wa inorganic. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, trisodium phosphate, etc.

Kutsuka kwa asidi: makamaka kuchotsa kuyika kwa mchere wachilengedwe, monga carbonates, sulfates, masikelo a silika, ndi zina zotero. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo ma organic acid monga hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, ndi hydrofluoric acid. Ma organic acid monga citric acid ndi amino sulfonic acid.

 

Chifukwa chiyani kuyeretsa zida za mankhwala?
1.Kufunika koyeretsa musanayendetse galimoto

Kuyeretsa mankhwala musanayendetse ndikofunikira kuti muthe kupanga bwino komanso kupewa kuwononga dothi pakupanga. Choncho, zipangizo zatsopano zamagetsi zisanayambe kugwira ntchito, ziyenera kutsukidwa zisanayambe.

Njira yopangira mankhwala imaphatikizapo zinthu zambiri zopangira mankhwala ndipo imafuna kugwiritsa ntchito zopangira. Zofunikira zaukhondo pazinthu zina zopangira ndi zopangira ndizokwera kwambiri, kotero pali zofunika kwambiri paukhondo wa zida ndi mapaipi panthawi yopanga. Zonyansa zilizonse zimatha kuyambitsa poyizoni, zoyipa, komanso kuwononga njira yonse. Kuphatikiza apo, zida zina ndi zida zina mu chipangizocho zimakhala ndi zofunikira zolondola kwambiri kapena zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zowononga zonyansa. Chifukwa chake, kulowererapo kulikonse kwa zonyansa zamakina kumatha kuwononga mtundu wa zigawo zolondola komanso kukhudza kupanga kwanthawi zonse.

2. Kufunika koyeretsa mukangoyamba ntchito

Zida zama mankhwala zikagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali zimatha kupanga fumbi monga ma polima, kuphika, mafuta ndi dothi, sikelo yamadzi, matope, ndi zinthu zowononga, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a zida zamankhwala. Kuyeretsa munthawi yake zida zamankhwala kumatha kukulitsa moyo wake wautumiki, kukonza bwino, kuonetsetsa chitetezo, ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwachuma.

Choncho, kaya musanayendetse galimoto kapena mutagwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi ndithu, zipangizo ziyenera kuyeretsedwa, yomwe ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri yokonza tsiku ndi tsiku.

 

Kodi njira zoyeretsera zida zamakhemikolo ndi ziti?

Kukonzekera musanayambe kuyeretsa zipangizo

Musanayambe kuyeretsa, zigawo za zida kapena chipangizo zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka ndi zowonongeka kuchokera ku njira yoyeretsera, monga ma valve oyendetsa ndi ma flowmeter, ziyenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo nsonga ya fyuluta (ma mesh) ndi njira imodzi ya valve iyenera kuchotsedwa. Ndipo miyeso yonga ngati kuwonjezera mapaipi akanthaŵi afupiafupi, zodutsamo, kapena mbale zakhungu ziyenera kuchitidwa kutsimikizira kuti palibe kutayikira kapena kuwonongeka kwa zigawo zina mkati mwa ntchito yoyeretsa, ndi kulekanitsa zida zoyeretsedwa ndi zida zodetsedwa ndi mapaipi.

 

Kuyeretsa ndondomeko ndi zinthu ndondomeko

1. Njira yoyeretsera

Malinga ndi momwe zida zimakhalira, kuyeretsa kozungulira konyowa kapena kupukuta kutha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito kuyeretsa kozungulira, njira yotsika yolowera, njira yobwerera ya ammonia imatha kukhazikitsidwa.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito kuyeretsa kopopera, njira yolowera kumtunda kwamadzimadzi komanso kutsika kwa reflux kumatha kukhazikitsidwa.

2.Njira yoyeretsera ndi kuchuluka kwa kuyeretsa kwamankhwala nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizira kuzindikira kutulutsa kwamadzi (kuthamanga kwamadzi), kutulutsa mafuta, kutsuka kwamadzi, kutsuka kwa asidi, kutsuka, kusalowerera ndale, passivation, kuyang'anira, ndi chithandizo chamanja.

Zotsatirazi zimapereka mafotokozedwe a ndondomeko iliyonse.

Cholinga cha kuzindikira kutayikira kwa madzi (kuthamanga kwa madzi) ndikuwunika momwe kutayikira kwa makina osakhalitsa, ndikuchotsa fumbi, zinyalala, ma oxide achitsulo otsekeka, kuwotcherera slag, ndi dothi lina lotayirira komanso lochotseka mosavuta padongosolo.

Cholinga cha degreasing kuyeretsa ndikuchotsa madontho amafuta monga mafuta amakina, mafuta a graphite, zokutira zamafuta, ndi mafuta a dzimbiri pamakina kuti atsimikizire ngakhale kutsuka kwa asidi.

Cholinga cha kutsuka madzi pambuyo pochotsa mafuta ndikuchotsa zotsalira za alkaline zoyeretsera m'dongosolo ndikuchotsa zonyansa zina pamwamba. Chotsani chinthucho.

Cholinga cha kutsuka kwa asidi ndikuchotsa zinthu zosungunuka ndi mankhwala pakati pa asidi ndi zitsulo zachitsulo.

Cholinga cha kutsuka ndi madzi mutatha kutsuka kwa asidi ndikuchotsa njira yotsalira yotsuka ya asidi ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe tagwa kuchokera ku dongosolo la rinsing ndi passivation treatment.

Cholinga cha kutsuka ndikugwiritsira ntchito ammonium citrate kuti chelate ndi ayoni otsalira achitsulo mu dongosolo ndikuchotsa dzimbiri loyandama lomwe limapangidwa panthawi yotsuka madzi, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ayoni yachitsulo m'dongosolo ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zotsatira zake zikuyenda.

Cholinga cha neutralization ndi passivation ndondomeko ndi kuchotsa yotsalira asidi njira, pamene passivation ndi kuteteza zitsulo pamwamba kuti ali adamulowetsa boma pambuyo kutsuka asidi ku re oxidizing ndi kutulutsa yachiwiri zoyandama dzimbiri.

 

Kuyeretsa pambuyo poyambira ntchito

Zida zamankhwala zomwe zakhala zikugwira ntchito kwa zaka 1-2 kapena kupitilira apo nthawi zambiri zimatsatira sikelo ya iron oxide kapena chitsulo chokhala ndi sikelo. Copper scale imakhala ndi copper oxide (CuO), basic copper carbonate [Cu2 (OH) 2CO3], ndi zitsulo zamkuwa.

Dzimbiri limatha kuchotsedwa ndi kutsuka kwa asidi. Njira ndi masitepe otsuka asidi ndizofanana ndi njira yoyeretsera zida musanayambe ntchito.

Pamene mkuwa uli mu dothi wochuluka, sungathe kuchotsedwa ndi kutsuka kwa asidi kokha. M`pofunika kuchotsa mkuwa chigawo chimodzi ndi ammonia madzi pamaso asidi kutsuka.

Mamba a Copper ndi Copper oxide nthawi zambiri amapanga zomangira zosanjikiza ndi zitsulo zachitsulo, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuyeretsa ndipo ziyenera kutsukidwa zisanapangidwe.

 

Kodi kuyeretsa exchanger kutentha?

Kuyeretsa kwa zotenthetsera nthawi zambiri kumagawidwa m'magulu awiri: kuyeretsa makina ndi kuyeretsa mankhwala.

 

Kuyeretsa makina

Njira yoyeretsera makina imadalira kutuluka kwa madzimadzi kapena makina kuti apereke mphamvu yaikulu kuposa mphamvu yomatira ya dothi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti dothi lichoke pamtunda wosinthanitsa ndi kutentha.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya njira zoyeretsera makina: imodzi ndi njira yoyeretsera yolimba, monga kuyeretsa madzi opopera, kuyeretsa nthunzi, kuyeretsa mchenga, scraper kapena kubowola pang'ono, ndi zina zotero; Mtundu wina ndi kuyeretsa makina mofewa, monga kuyeretsa burashi wawaya ndi kuyeretsa mpira. M'munsimu muli njira zingapo:

Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi njira yotsikirapo pogwiritsa ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa mothamanga kwambiri kapena kumakina. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito njirayi, kuthamanga kwamadzi nthawi zambiri kumakhala 20 ~ 50MPa. Tsopano palinso zovuta zambiri za 50-70Mpa zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kuyeretsa utsi, mofanana m'mapangidwe ndi ntchito yoyeretsera kupopera, ndi chipangizo chomwe chimapopera nthunzi mu chubu ndi m'mbali mwa zipolopolo za chotenthetsera kutentha kuchotsa dothi kupyolera mu mphamvu ndi kutentha.

Sandblasting kuyeretsa ndi ndondomeko ntchito wothinikizidwa mpweya (300-350kPa) kudzera kutsitsi mfuti kupanga amphamvu liniya liwiro pa kutchinga mchenga khwatsi (kawirikawiri ndi tinthu kukula kwa 3-5mm), amene flushes mkati khoma la kutentha exchanger chubu, amachotsa dothi, ndi kubwezeretsa choyambirira kutentha kutengerapo makhalidwe a chubu.

Scraper kapena kubowola pang'ono, makina otsuka awa ndi oyenera kuyeretsa dothi mkati mwa mapaipi kapena masilinda. Ikani scraper yotsika kapena kubowola pamwamba pa shaft yosinthasintha, ndipo tembenuzani scraper kapena kubowola ndi mpweya woponderezedwa kapena magetsi (komanso kugwiritsa ntchito madzi kapena nthunzi).

Kuyeretsa mpira wa mphira kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito chotsuka chowombera. Chotsukira chowombera chowombera chimapangidwa ndi mpira wa siponji ndi mfuti yamadzimadzi yomwe imakankhira mpirawo mkati mwa chitoliro kuti utsukidwe. Mpirawo ndi wopangidwa ngati chipolopolo ndipo umatuluka kuchokera ku siponji yolimba ya foam polyurethane, yomwe ndi yotanuka.

 

Kuyeretsa mankhwala

Njira yoyeretsera mankhwala imaphatikizapo kuwonjezera ma descaling agents, ma acid, ma enzyme, ndi zina zambiri kumadzimadzi kuti achepetse kumamatira pakati pa dothi ndi malo osinthira kutentha, ndikupangitsa kuti achoke pamalo osinthira kutentha.

Njira zamakono zoyeretsera mankhwala zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi:

Njira yozungulira: Gwiritsani ntchito pampu kukakamiza njira yoyeretsera kuti izungulira poyeretsa.

Njira yomiza: Dzazani chidacho ndi njira yoyeretsera ndikuchisiya chiyime kwa nthawi inayake.

Njira yopangira opaleshoni: Dzazani zida ndi njira yoyeretsera, tulutsani gawo la njira yoyeretsera kuchokera pansi pafupipafupi, ndiyeno muyikenso madzi otayidwa mu zida kuti mukwaniritse cholinga choyambitsa ndi kuyeretsa.

 

Kodi kuyeretsa anachita ketulo?

Pali njira zitatu zazikulu zoyeretsera zotengera: kuyeretsa makina, kuyeretsa mankhwala, ndi kuyeretsa pamanja.

 

Kuyeretsa makina

Kuyeretsa makina: Pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo choyeretsera chothamanga kwambiri, madzi othamanga kwambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito podutsa mumphuno, kuphwanya sikelo yolimba pakhoma lamkati la chotengeracho ndi pamwamba pa choyambitsa, ndikuchichotsa bwino ndikuchichotsa.

Mfundo yoyeretsera jeti yamadzi yothamanga kwambiri ndikumakanikiza madzi kuti apitirire kuthamanga kwambiri, ndiyeno kuwamasula kudzera mumphuno yomwe imayikidwa pa loboti yoyeretsa yomwe imayikidwa mu ketulo. Kupanikizika kumatha kusinthidwa kukhala mphamvu ya kinetic yakuyenda kwamadzi, komwe kumatha kukhudza dothi la khoma kuti likwaniritse kuyeretsa ndi kuchotsa.
Kuyeretsa mankhwala

Choyamba, m'pofunika kudziwa zikuchokera sikelo chitsanzo mkati riyakitala zida, makamaka mwa zitsanzo ndi kusanthula. Pambuyo pozindikira momwe dothi limapangidwira, yambitsani zoyeserera kaye, sankhani zoyeretsa, ndikutsimikizirani kudzera muzoyeserera kuti sizingawononge zida zachitsulo. Kenako, kachipangizo kakanthawi kochepa kamayikidwa pamalopo kuti ayendetse njira yoyeretsera mkati mwa zida ndikutsuka dothi.

Choyamba, tsukani tsamba losakaniza ndi khoma lamkati la ketulo ndi madzi okwanira, ndikuwakhetsa kwathunthu.

Yatsani chotengeracho ndi zosungunulira kudzera pa chipangizo chopanikizidwa.

Ngati kuyeretsa sikutheka, onjezani kuchuluka koyenera kwa zosungunulira ku ketulo, kutentha, chipwirikiti ndi reflux mpaka zofunikira zoyeretsera zikwaniritsidwa, ndiyeno mutulutse zosungunulira.

Pomaliza, muzimutsuka khoma lamkati la chotengeracho ndi kuchuluka kwa zosungunulira ndikumasula.

Kulowa pamanja mu ketulo ndi kuyeretsa pamanja

Mtengo wotsika ndi mwayi wake waukulu, koma pamafunika maola angapo a mpweya wabwino komanso kusinthana kwa mpweya musanalowe mu riyakitala. Panthawi yoyeretsa, mpweya wa okosijeni mkati mwa riyakitala uyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale vuto la kusowa kwa mpweya; Pa nthawi yomweyo, Buku scraping osati amalephera kwathunthu kuyeretsa, komanso kumayambitsa kutsetsereka zizindikiro pa mkati khoma la anachita chotengera, amene cholinga kuchititsa zina adhesion wa zotsalira. Kuyeretsa ketulo kungayambitsenso nkhani zaukhondo ndi chinthucho. Nthawi zambiri, zimatengera theka la tsiku kuyeretsa ketulo.

Iliyonse mwa njira zitatuzi ili ndi zabwino ndi zovuta zake:

Kuyeretsa makina sikuwononga zida ndipo kumatha kuyeretsa molimba sikelo, koma kumatenga nthawi yayitali ndipo kumafuna kulimbikira kwambiri;

Kuyeretsa ndi mankhwala kumafuna ntchito yochepa, kumakhala ndi nthawi yochepa yoyeretsa, komanso kuyeretsa bwino, koma kungapangitse zipangizo kuti ziwonongeke;

Kulowa pamanja mu ketulo yoyeretsa ndikotsika mtengo, koma kumakhala ndi ngozi yayikulu ndipo sikungathe kutsukidwa kwathunthu.

Choncho, kuyeretsa kwa mankhwala kumagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ogwirira ntchito pomwe dothi ndi lofewa komanso lochepa thupi, pamene kuyeretsa makina kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene dothi limakhala lolimba komanso lakuda.