Zogulitsa zathu zazikulu: Amino silicone, lolekani siliclilic, ma fluoritic awo Indonesia, Uzbekistan, etc

 

Mafakitale Onoodium Glutamate Zikafika pozunzirako ena, imapanga ma micleles mu yankho. Chifukwa chake, imabala kunyowa kapena anti kunyowa, emulsization ndi chipongwe, kuluma, kusambira, kuchapa ndi zotsatira zina zokwaniritsa ntchito zothandiza. Monodium glutamate, ngati mankhwala a Umami, ndi OWIquitous muzakudya zathu komanso moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Kupanga mafakitale, opanga ndi zinthu zofanana ndi monoosodium glutamate, zomwe sizifunikira kuchuluka kwakukulu ndipo zimatha kukhala ndi zozizwitsa. Izi zimadziwika kawirikawiri monga okonda.

 

Mafala Akutoma Nawo

 

Orfartoionic Phaticulation Zosefeculard: Mapeto amodzi ndi gulu la hydrophilic, lofananira ndi gulu la hydrophilic, lomwe limadziwikanso kuti olephobic azitsulo m'madzi ngati monomers. Magulu a hydrophilic nthawi zambiri amakhala magulu, omwe amatha kukhala magulu a Carboxyl (- cooh), magulu a asidi acid (- soponic), Amino) kapena magwiridwe antchito. Magulu a hydroxyl (- oh), magulu, maaminda a Ether (- O -), etc. amathanso kukhala magulu a hydrophilic; Mapeto ake ndi gulu la hydrophobic, adafupitsidwa ngati gulu la oleophilic, lotchedwanso gulu la hydrophobic kapena hydrophobic gulu. Magulu a Hydrophobic nthawi zambiri samachita unyolo wankhanza
Zogwiritsa ntchito zimagawidwa mu ionic surfactonts (kuphatikiza zikhulupiriro ndi anionic surfactonts), osagwirizana ndi ampheroc surfactonts, ma andarotic surfactonts, okondana ndi ena.

Mu njira yothetsera, pamene kuchuluka kwa zoopsazi zinafika mtengo winawake, mamolekucchules a worthacticnthan apanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana yoitanitsa mikala. Mankhwala kapena mapangidwe a ma micleles ndi malo ofunikira othandiza kwambiri, ndipo zochitika zina zofunika kwambiri zimagwirizana ndi mapangidwe a mikala. Kukhazikika komwe amapanga amapanga ma micrelleles mu njira kumatchedwa michelle yovuta (cmc). Micleles sakonzedwa mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, koma m'malo mongosintha kwambiri komanso mokhazikika. Pansi pa zinthu zina, ogwiritsa ntchito amathanso kuwonetsanso ma mitima.

 

Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimakhudza michenje yovuta kwambiri

 

Kapangidwe ka yicalfactonts
Kuwonjezera ndi mitundu yazowonjezera
Mphamvu ya Kutentha

 

Kugwirizana pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito ndi mapuloteni

 

Mapuloteni amakhala ndi polar, polar, ndi magulu oyimbidwa, komanso mamolekyulu ambiri amtundu wambiri amatha kulumikizana ndi mapuloteni m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kupanga zophatikizika zoikidwa moleclar ndi zida zosiyanasiyana pansi pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana, monga mikala, ndi zina zosintha, etc., ndi zokambirana zawo ndizosiyananso. Pali zokhudzana ndi zamagetsi komanso hydrophobic pakati pa mapuloteni ndi zamagetsi (PST), pomwe kulumikizana pakati pa magwiridwe antchito a Polar ndi Hydrophobic a mapuloteni, motsatana, ndikupanga Ma Ps. Zosagwirizana ndi ionic sunictants makamaka amalumikizana ndi mapuloteni a hydrophobic, komanso kulumikizana pakati pa magulu awo a hydrophobic ndi magulu a mapuloteni ndi ntchito zopangira mafuta. Chifukwa chake, mtundu, ndende, ndi zochitika zadongosolo za soporfaction zimatsimikizira ngati amakhazikitsa mapuloteni kapena kufalikira.

 

Mtengo wa HLB wa Surcusicant

 

Kuti muwonetsere zochitika zapadera, ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kukhala ndi malire pakati pa hydrophobic ndi ma hydrophilic magulu. HLB (Hydrophilic Lipophilic Stope) ndi njira ya hydrophilic oopefilic moyenera, yomwe ndi chizindikiro cha hydrophilic ndi hydrophobic katundu wa orfactont.

Mtengo wa HLB ndi gawo limodzi (pakati pa 0 ndi 40), monga parafini ya hubs = 0 (wopanda hyd hubhilic), mtengo wa hlb amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati magwiridwe antchito posankha. Mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri wa HLB, wabwino kwambiri wa hydrophilicity wa ounikira; Mtengo wocheperako, wosauka wa hydrophilicity wa okonda.
Ntchito yayikulu ya okonda

 

Zotsatira

Chifukwa cha zovuta za mafuta m'madzi, pamene mafuta amagwera m'madzi ndikusunthidwa mwamphamvu, mafutawo amasakanizane wina ndi mnzake kuti apange emulsion, koma zigawo zake zimasankhidwa. Ngati zowonjezera zimawonjezeredwa ndikukulimbikitsani mwamphamvu, koma sizophweka kupatukana kwa nthawi yayitali mutayima, izi ndi emulsization. Cholinga chake ndikuti ma hydrophobicity a mafuta amazunguliridwa ndi magulu a hydrophilic omwe amagwira ntchito yothandizira, ndikuchepetsa ntchito yofunika kufalitsa mafuta m'madzi, ndikupangitsa kuti mafuta athetse mafuta.

 

Kunyowa mphamvu

Nthawi zambiri pamakhala sera, mafuta, kapena kukula ngati chinthucho pamalowo, omwe ndi hydrophobic. Chifukwa cha kuipitsa zinthu izi, mawonekedwe a ziwalozo samanyowa mosavuta ndi madzi. Pomwe owonjezera amawonjezeredwa mu njira yothetsera matendawa, madontho amadzi pamagawo amabalalika mosavuta, kuchepetsa nkhawa kwambiri ndikukwaniritsa cholinga chonyowa

 

Zovuta

Pambuyo kuwonjezera owonjezera pamafuta a mafuta, amatha "kupasuka", koma kusungunuka kumeneku kumatha kuchitika pamene kuchuluka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kumafika povuta kwambiri ndi katundu ndi katundu. Pankhani ya kufalikira kwa kufalikira, maunyolo a hydrophobic amtundu wamphamvu kuposa unyolo, unyolo wokulirapo ndi wamphamvu kuposa unyolo wosasinthika, ndipo ma solubilirization a sunic sunic zothandiza kwambiri.

 

Kubalalitsa Mphamvu

Magawo olimba monga fumbi ndi dothi lotayika limakonda kusonkhanitsa pamodzi ndikukhazikika m'madzi. Mamolekyu a okonda amatha kugawa tinthu tokhazikika tinthu tating'onoting'ono tinthu tating'onoting'ono tinthu tating'onoting'ono, kuwalola kuti azibalalika ndikuyimitsa mu njira yolumikizira tinthu tokhazikika.

 

Chochita

Kupanga chithovu kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha njira yoyendetsera yofinya ndikuchepetsa kusamvana pakati pa mpweya ndi magawo amadzimadzi. Nthawi zambiri, wogwiritsa ntchito molecular wothandizira ndi wosavuta kuti amenye, wogwira ntchito molekyam wambiri amakhala ndi chisoti chocheperako, chikasu chachikasu chili ndi katundu wambiri, ndipo sodium stearate ali ndi katundu wovuta kwambiri. Anionic Yogwira ntchito bwino amakhala ndi malo okhazikika ndi chikho cha chiwindi kuposa osagwira ntchito yogwira ntchito, monga sodium alkybnote sulum ali ndi katundu wolimba. Okhazikika omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola ziwanda amaphatikizapo kumwa mowa kwambiri, carboxymethyl cellulose, etc. boam acid

 

Gulu la Ogwiritsa Ntchito

 

Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kugawidwa mu anionic surfactonts, osagwirizana okonda, Zwitteric Surfactonts, ndi zomangira zopangira zopangidwa ndi mawonekedwe awo.

 

Anionic zochulukitsa

Sulfonate
Ogwiritsa ntchito mtundu wamtunduwu amaphatikizapo sodium wozungulira alkylbenzesalfonate ndi sodium alfin sulfonate. Sodium Livear Alkylbenzerfonate, omwe amadziwikanso kuti las kapena abs, ndi ufa wachikasu kapena ufa wosakhazikika ndi kusungunuka bwino movuta kwambiri. Imakhazikika ku Alkali, kuchepetsa acid, ndi madzi olimba. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuula madzi (zotchinga zotsekemera) ndi zotchinga zamadzi zopaka, sizigwiritsidwa ntchito mu shampoo ndipo sizigwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri posamba gel. M'malo otsekemera, mlingo wake umatha kuyankhula pafupifupi theka la kuchuluka kwa zochulukirapo, ndipo kusintha kofanana ndi magawo ake molingana ndi zotupa zake. Makina wamba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito potumbuku yotsetsereka ndi "las (mzere wa alkylzenelfoninthete) - Aes (Freather Ether sodium) - FFYYL DALID)". Ubwino wotchuka wa sodium wozungulira Alkylbenzerfonate ndi bata wabwino, mphamvu yoyeretsa mphamvu, mphamvu zachilengedwe zochepa, komanso kuthekera kosavulaza kukhala zinthu zovulaza pamtengo wotsika mtengo. Choyipa chachikulu ndikuti chimalimbikitsa kwambiri. Sodium Alpha Olefin Sulfonate, omwe amadziwikanso kuti AOS, amasungunuka kwambiri m'madzi ndipo amakhala ndi bata labwino kwambiri. Pakati pa mitundu ya salfonic acid, magwiridwe antchito ali bwino. Ubwino wabwino kwambiri ndi bata wabwino, kusungunuka kwamadzi abwino, kulumikizana bwino, kukwiya kochepa, komanso kuchepa kwa tizilombo. Ndi amodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri mu shampoo ndi gel osakira. Choyipa chake ndikuti ndikokwera mtengo kwambiri.

 

Sulfate
Ogwiritsa ntchito mtunduwo wamba amtunduwu amaphatikizapo sodium yamafuta oledzera polyoxyathylene eather esu sulfate ndi sulfate.

Sodium Watchty DuntY Polyyathylene ether sulfate, yomwe imadziwikanso ngati AES kapena sodium mowa wa Ether Ether Ether.

Yosavuta kusungunuka m'madzi, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu shampuo, kusamba gel, zotchinga zamadzimadzi (zotchinga zamadzi), ndikuchapira madzi. Madzi osungunuka ndi abwino kuposa sodium dodecyl sulfate, ndipo amatha kukonzedwa kukhala gawo lililonse la njira yowonekera ya madzi owonekera firiji. Kugwiritsa ntchito sodium alkylbnonelfonate mu zotupa zamadzimadzi kumakhala kochulukirapo ndipo kumakhala ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kuposa kwa unyolo wowongoka; Itha kukhala yovuta kwambiri ndi maorfactont ambiri mumitundu yambiri kapena angapo kuti apange mayankho owoneka bwino. Ubwino wabwino kwambiri ndi kukwiya kotsika, kusungunuka kwamadzi abwino, kuyerekezera bwino, komanso magwiridwe antchito popewa kuwuma khungu, kusokonekera, ndi kukwiya. Zovuta ndichakuti kukhazikika kwa acidic kumali osauka pang'ono, ndipo mphamvu yoyeretsa ndi yotsika mtengo ndi sodium wozungulira alkylbenzerfonate ndi sodium dodecyl sulfate.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti, K12, sodium cocoyl sulfate, ndi sodium Lauryl Sulfate Wothandizirana ndi Alkali ndi madzi olimba. Kukhazikika kwake pansi mumikhalidwe acidic kumakhala kotsika kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa sulfis wamba komanso pafupi ndi mowa wamafuta a polyoxyathylene eather. Imakhala yosavuta ndipo imavulaza zachilengedwe zochepa. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito madzi amadzimadzi, acidity sayenera kukhala okwera kwambiri; Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa ethanolamine kapena mchere wamchere mu shampuo ndi kutsuka kwa thupi sikungangowonjezera kukhazikika kwa asidi, komanso amathandizanso kuchepetsa kukwiya. Kupatula pa luso lake labwino komanso kutsuka mwamphamvu, ntchito zake m'njira zina siziri bwino ngati za sodium mowa wa ether sulfate. Mtengo wa anionic subrecfactonts nthawi zambiri amakhala okwera kwambiri.

 

Ciric Surtunantnt

Poyerekeza ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya okonda, zomangira zopangira zodziwika bwino ndizosintha kwambiri komanso mphamvu zolimba kwambiri monga mphamvu zosakwanira, kusagwirizana kwenikweni, komanso mtengo wokulirapo. Zogwirizana ndi zogwirizana sizigwirizana mwachindunji ndi anionic surfactonts ndipo imangogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati othandizira kapena fungicides. Zojambula zopangira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati othandizanso monga zopangira zamadzimadzi (monga chinthu chaching'ono chophatikizira) pazopanga zapamwamba, makamaka za shampoo. Monga momwe zinthu zothandizira kusintha, sizingasinthidwe ndi mitundu ina ya okonda zofewa kwambiri shampoo.

Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya cutactonts zimaphatikizapo hexadecyltrimethylammium chloride (1831), ceric clunol, dodecyl dimethyl amimethyl Amimethyl Amime (OB-2), etc.

 

Zwitterionic zochulukitsa

Bipolar Surfactonts amatanthauza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwaopera omwe ali ndi magulu a hydrophilic. Chifukwa chake, awa onjezerani corsictont code catic zothetsera matenda a acidic, katundu wa anionic m'matumba a alkaline, komanso katundu wosagwirizana ndi zosayenera ndale. Bipolar Surfactonts amasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi, okhazikika acid ndi alkali, komanso ngakhale m'matumba ochulukirapo. Amakhala ndi kukana kwabwino kwa madzi olimba, kukwiya kotsika khungu, zofewa zofewa, zoletsa zabwino, zotsutsana ndi bactericidal zotsatira zake, komanso kusagwirizana bwino ndi ma rodicants osiyanasiyana. Mitundu yofunika ya minda yahorotic imaphatikizapo dodecyl Dimethyl Betaine ndi Carboxylate Imidazoline.

 

Osakhala Orticturnt

Zopanda Ionic Zogwiritsa ntchito zabwino zimakhala ndi zinthu zabwino monga kusungunuka, kuchapa, otsutsa, kukwiya kochepa, ndi calcium sopo; Pho lenileni lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi lonse kuposa la Arrel Ionic magafatalts; Kupatula malo osokoneza bongo komanso owombera, zinthu zina nthawi zambiri zimakhala zapamwamba kuposa zomwe Anionic anyezi. Kuonjezera zochepa zosafunikira kwa ionic zodyera za ionic surtictont Mitundu ikuluikulu imaphatikizapo mowa wa Alkyl Anjwa (FFA), mafuta ochulukirapo polyoxyathylene et (AE), ndi alkylphenol polyoxyathylene et wars (AE).

Alkyl mowa amadzima (FFA) ndi kalasi ya osagwirizana ndi ionic surfactonts ogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri, mapulogalamu onse, komanso pafupipafupi, omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zotupa zosiyanasiyana zamadzimadzi. M'masamba amadzimadzi, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphatikiza ndi Amides, ndi chiyerekezo cha "2: 1" ndi "1.5: 1" (ACKYL Dld: Bledi). Alkyl amamwa zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito munthawi zambiri acidic ndi ma preggents a alkaline, ndipo ndi mitundu yotsika mtengo kwambiri ya osagwirizana.

 

Kugwiritsa ntchito okonda

Ndi chitukuko cha sayansi ndi ukadaulo, makamaka kupita kwa makampani a mankhwala ndi kuwunika kwa maupangiri, udindo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwa ogwiritsa ntchito akhala ponseponse komanso akuya. Kuchokera pamigodi ya mchere ndi kukula kwa mphamvu, chifukwa cha maselo ndi ma enzymes, mapangidwe aofactonts amatha kupezeka. Masiku ano, kugwiritsa ntchito kwa ogwiritsa ntchito sikungokhala koyenera kuyeretsa, kuyeretsa mano, zodzikongoletsera zodzola, komanso mafakitale ena a mankhwala tsiku lililonse, koma wafalikira ku magawo ena opanga monga magetsi, komanso malonda opanga mankhwala.

 

Kutulutsa Mafuta
Mu kuchotsera mafuta, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamadzi madzi owonjezera kapena njira zosakanikirana zosakanikirana za kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi madzi zimatha kubwezeretsanso mafuta a mafuta ndi 15% mpaka 20%. Chifukwa cha kuthekera kwa okonda kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya mafayi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa mafuta a utoto ndi kuchepetsa kapena kupewa ngozi zobowola. Itha kupangitsanso zitsime zakale zomwe sizilinso mafuta opukutira.

Kukula kwa mphamvu
Ogwiritsa ntchito amathanso kuthandizira mphamvu yakukula. Pakadali pano pokwera mitengo ya mafuta padziko lonse lapansi ndi mafuta olimba, kukula kwa mafuta opanga mafuta ali ndi tanthauzo lalikulu. Kuonjezerani ogwiritsa ntchito njirayi kumatha kupanga mtundu watsopano wamafuta otsika mtengo kwambiri, omwe amatha kusintha mafuta ngati gwero. Powonjezera emulsifiers ku mafuta, dizilo, ndi mafuta olemera samangopulumutsa magwero a mafuta, komanso amasintha mphamvu yotentha ndikuchepetsa kuipitsa zachilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, okonda ogwiritsa ntchito ali ndi tanthauzo lalikulu pakukula kwa mphamvu.

Makampani opanga malemba
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa okonda m'malo opanga mapangidwe ali ndi mbiri yayitali. Zithunzi zopangidwa ndi zovuta monga kufooka, kusakwanira kwa electrostatic adsorption ya fumbi, komanso chinyezi chowoneka bwino cha fumbi ndi dzanja lanu lingamverere ndi ulusi wachilengedwe. Ngati atachitiridwa zachipongwe apadera, zolakwika izi mu ulusi wopangidwa zitha kusintha kwambiri. Ogwiritsa ntchito amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati sofiners, antistatic othandizira, kunyowa ndi othandizira olowera, ndi ma emulsifiers palemba posindikiza ndi kukonza makampani. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa okonda kusindikizidwa kusindikiza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale ndizambiri.

Kuyeretsa kwachitsulo
Potengera kuyeretsa kwachitsulo, ma sodi yachikhalidwe kumaphatikizanso ma sol sol solmic monga mafuta, palafeseri, ndi kaboni petrachloride. Malinga ndi ziwerengero zoyenera, kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa ziwalo zachitsulo ku China kuli kokwera matani 500,000 pachaka. Mankhwala oyeretsa achitsulo opangidwa ndi mafuta okonda ndalama amatha kupulumutsa mphamvu. Malinga ndi kuwerengera, matani amodzi oyeretsa azitsulo amatha kusintha matani 20 a zinthu zopangira mafuta, ndipo ma toni imodzi ya mafuta a petroleum angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga matani 4 osonyeza kuti opanga azipanga zitsulo. Zoyeretsa zachitsulo zokhala ndi zokonda zakunja zimakhalanso ndi mawonekedwe osazizwa, osayaka, osakhala odetsa chilengedwe, ndikuonetsetsa chitetezo chogwira ntchito. Mtundu wamtunduwu wotsuka wachitsulo wagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuyeretsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zitsulo monga Aerossece injini, ndege, zonyamula, etc.

Makampani Ogulitsa Chakudya
M'makampani azakudya, maofesi owonjezera ndi owonjezera ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chakudya. Zakudya zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisungunuke, kunyomedwa, kukhazikika kwa anti, kuteteza, komanso zotsatirapo zothandizira. Chifukwa cha zowonjezera zapadera, zimatha kupanga masheya crispy, chakudya chofewa, mkate mofewa, komanso kufalikira kwa batala monga mafuta apadera opanga njira zopangira ndi zinthu zapadera.

Mankhwala ogwiritsira zaulimi ndi emulsion amadzimadzi, chifukwa cha zovuta zamadzimadzi, zimakhala ndi zovuta kuti zikhale zovuta kufalitsa ukawazidwa masamba masamba. Ngati zowonjezera zimawonjezeredwa ku mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndiye kuti, mafuta odzola amachepetsa ntchito yake, ndipo mafuta odzola amafalikira mosavuta pa tsamba, motero matenda ake azikhala bwino.