Amino silikoni emulsion
Amino silikoni emulsion wakhala ankagwiritsa ntchito mu makampani nsalu. Silicone kumaliza wothandizila ntchito mu malonda nsalu makamaka amino silikoni emulsion, monga dimethyl silikoni emulsion, hydrogen silikoni emulsion, hydroxyl silikoni emulsion, etc.
Kotero, mwazonse, ndi zosankha ziti za amino silicone pa nsalu zosiyanasiyana? Kapena, ndi mtundu wanji wa silikoni wa amino womwe tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito posankha ulusi ndi nsalu zosiyanasiyana kuti tipeze zotsatira zabwino?
● thonje loyera ndi mankhwala osakanikirana, makamaka ndi kukhudza kofewa, amatha kusankha amino silicone ndi ammonia mtengo wa 0,6;
● Nsalu yoyera ya polyester, yokhala ndi dzanja losalala ngati mbali yaikulu, imatha kusankha amino silicone ndi ammonia mtengo wa 0,3;
● Nsalu zenizeni za silika nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosalala ndipo zimafuna kuwala kwambiri. Silicone ya amino yokhala ndi mtengo wa 0,3 ammonia imasankhidwa makamaka ngati wothandizira wosalala kuti awonjezere gloss;
● Ubweya wa ubweya ndi nsalu zake zosakanikirana zimafuna kuti zikhale zofewa, zosalala, zotanuka komanso zomveka bwino, osasintha mtundu pang'ono. Silicone ya amino yokhala ndi 0,6 ndi 0,3 ammonia imatha kusankhidwa kuti ikhale yophatikiza ndi kuphatikizira zokometsera kuti ziwonjezeke komanso gloss;
● Zovala za cashmere ndi nsalu za cashmere zimakhala ndi manja apamwamba kwambiri poyerekeza ndi nsalu za ubweya wa nkhosa, ndipo mankhwala ophatikizika kwambiri amatha kusankhidwa;
● Masokiti a nayiloni, ndi kukhudza kosalala monga gawo lalikulu, sankhani kusungunuka kwapamwamba kwa amino silicone;
● Zofunda za Acrylic, ulusi wa acrylic, ndi nsalu zake zophatikizika zimakhala zofewa kwambiri ndipo zimafuna kulimba kwambiri. Mafuta a amino silikoni okhala ndi mtengo wa ammonia wa 0,6 akhoza kusankhidwa kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za elasticity;
● Nsalu za hemp, makamaka zosalala, makamaka zimasankha silikoni ya amino yokhala ndi mtengo wa ammonia wa 0.3;
● Silika wochita kupanga ndi thonje ndizofewa makamaka pokhudza, ndipo amino silikoni yokhala ndi ammonia 0.6 iyenera kusankhidwa;
● Polyester yochepetsera nsalu, makamaka kuti ikhale ndi hydrophilicity, imatha kusankha polyether modified silikoni ndi hydrophilic amino silikoni, etc.
1.Makhalidwe a amino silikoni
Silicone ya amino ili ndi magawo anayi ofunikira: mtengo wa ammonia, kukhuthala, reactivity, ndi kukula kwa tinthu. Magawo anayiwa amawonetsa mtundu wa silikoni wa amino ndipo zimakhudza kwambiri mawonekedwe a nsalu yokonzedwa. Monga kumverera kwa manja, kuyera, mtundu, komanso kumasuka kwa emulsification ya silikoni.
① Mtengo wa Ammonia
Amino silikoni imapatsa nsalu zokhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga kufewa, kusalala, komanso kudzaza, makamaka chifukwa cha magulu amino mu polima. Ma amino okhutira amatha kuimiridwa ndi mtengo wa ammonia, womwe umatanthawuza ma milliliters a hydrochloric acid omwe ali ndi ndende yofananira yofunika kuti achepetse 1g ya amino silikoni. Chifukwa chake, mtengo wa ammonia umagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kuchuluka kwa ma amino mumafuta a silicone. Kukwera kwa amino, kumapangitsa kuti ammonia akhale apamwamba, ndipo nsalu yomalizidwayo imakhala yofewa komanso yosalala. Izi ndichifukwa chakuti kuwonjezeka kwa magulu ogwirira ntchito amino kumawonjezera kwambiri kuyanjana kwawo kwa nsalu, kupanga makonzedwe okhazikika a maselo ndikupatsanso nsalu kuti ikhale yofewa komanso yosalala.
Komabe, haidrojeni yogwira m'gulu la amino imakhala ndi okosijeni kuti ipange ma chromophores, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nsaluyo ikhale yachikasu kapena chikasu pang'ono. Pankhani ya gulu lomwelo la amino, zikuwonekeratu kuti kuchuluka kwa amino (kapena mtengo wa ammonia) kumawonjezeka, mwayi wa okosijeni ukuwonjezeka ndipo chikasu chimakhala chachikulu. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mtengo wa ammonia, polarity ya molekyulu ya amino silikoni ukuwonjezeka, yomwe imapereka chofunikira chofunikira pa emulsification ya mafuta amino silikoni ndipo imatha kupangidwa kukhala emulsion yaying'ono. Kusankhidwa kwa emulsifier ndi kukula ndi kugawa kwa tinthu tating'ono mu emulsion kumagwirizananso ndi mtengo wa ammonia.
① Viscosity
Viscosity imagwirizana ndi kulemera kwa maselo ndi kugawa kwa ma polima. Nthawi zambiri, kukhuthala kwamphamvu kumakhala kokulirapo, kulemera kwa molekyulu ya amino silikoni kumakulirakulira, m'pamenenso mawonekedwe opangira filimu pamwamba pa nsaluyo amakhala bwino, kumveka kumakhala kofewa, komanso kusalala bwino, koma kumayipa kwambiri. permeability ndi. Makamaka nsalu zopotoka molimba ndi nsalu zabwino zokana, amino silikoni ndizovuta kulowa mkati mwa ulusi, zomwe zimakhudza ntchito ya nsalu. Kuchuluka kwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe kumapangitsanso kukhazikika kwa emulsion kukhala koyipa kapena kovuta kupanga emulsion yaying'ono. Nthawi zambiri, magwiridwe antchito sangasinthidwe kokha ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala oyenera ammonia ndi kukhuthala. Kawirikawiri, zinthu zochepa za ammonia zimafuna kukhuthala kwakukulu kuti zigwirizane ndi kufewa kwa nsalu.
Chifukwa chake, kumveka kwa dzanja losalala kumafuna kukhuthala kwakukulu kwa amino kusinthidwa silikoni. Komabe, pa zofewa processing ndi kuphika, ena amino silikoni mtanda ulalo kupanga filimu, potero kuwonjezera maselo kulemera. Choncho, kulemera koyambirira kwa maselo a amino silicone ndi kosiyana ndi kulemera kwa molekyulu ya amino silikoni yomwe pamapeto pake imapanga filimu pa nsalu. Chotsatira chake, kusalala kwa mankhwala omaliza kumatha kusiyana kwambiri pamene silikoni ya amino yomweyi imakonzedwa pansi pa zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Kumbali ina, amino silikoni yotsika kwambiri imathanso kusintha mawonekedwe a nsalu powonjezera zolumikizira zolumikizirana kapena kusintha kutentha kophika. Low mamasukidwe akayendedwe amino silikoni kumawonjezera permeability, ndi kudzera m'makontrakitala olumikizirana ndi ndondomeko kukhathamiritsa, ubwino mkulu ndi otsika mamasukidwe akayendedwe amino silikoni akhoza pamodzi. Kukhuthala kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya silicone ya amino kuli pakati pa 150 ndi 5000 centipoise.
Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kugawa kwa ma molekyulu a amino silikoni kumatha kukhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito. Kulemera kwa maselo otsika kumalowa mu ulusi, pamene kulemera kwakukulu kwa maselo kumagawidwa kunja kwa ulusi, kotero kuti mkati ndi kunja kwa ulusiwo zimakutidwa ndi amino silicone, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nsaluyo ikhale yofewa komanso yosalala, koma Vuto likhoza kukhala kuti kukhazikika kwa emulsion yaying'ono kudzakhudzidwa ngati kusiyana kwa kulemera kwa maselo kuli kwakukulu kwambiri.
① Kuchitanso
Silicone yokhazikika ya amino imatha kupanga kudzigwirizanitsa pakumaliza, ndipo kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa kulumikizana kumawonjezera kusalala, kufewa, komanso kudzaza kwa nsalu, makamaka pankhani ya kusintha kwa elasticity. Zachidziwikire, mukamagwiritsa ntchito zolumikizira zolumikizirana kapena kuonjeza zophika, silikoni wamba wa amino amathanso kukulitsa digirii yolumikizirana ndikupangitsanso kuyambiranso. Silicone ya amino yokhala ndi hydroxyl kapena methylamino kumapeto, kukwezeka kwa ammonia, kumapangitsa kuti digiri yake yolumikizirana ikhale yabwino, komanso kukhazikika kwake.
②Kukula kwa kachigawo kakang'ono ka emulsion ndi magetsi a emulsion
The tinthu kukula kwa amino silikoni emulsion ndi yaing'ono, zambiri zosakwana 0,15 μ, kotero emulsion ali mu thermodynamic khola kubalalitsidwa boma. Kukhazikika kwake kosungirako, kukhazikika kwa kutentha ndi kukhazikika kwa shear ndizabwino kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri sikuphwanya emulsion. Pa nthawi yomweyo, yaing'ono tinthu kukula kumawonjezera pamwamba pa particles, kwambiri kuwongolera Mwina kukhudzana pakati amino silikoni ndi nsalu. Kuthekera kwa ma adsorption kumawonjezeka ndipo kufananiza kumakula, ndipo kutulutsa kumakula bwino. Choncho, n'zosavuta kupanga filimu yosalekeza, yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhale yofewa, yosalala, komanso yodzaza nsalu, makamaka kwa nsalu zabwino zokana. Komabe, ngati tinthu kukula kugawa amino silikoni ndi wosagwirizana, bata la emulsion adzakhala kwambiri bwanji.
Mlandu wa amino silikoni yaying'ono emulsion zimadalira emulsifier. Nthawi zambiri, ulusi wa anionic ndi wosavuta kutsatsa cationic amino silikoni, potero kuwongolera chithandizo. Kutsatsa kwa emulsion ya anionic sikophweka, ndipo mphamvu ya adsorption ndi kufanana kwa emulsion yopanda ionic ndi yabwino kuposa emulsion ya anionic. Ngati mlandu woyipa wa ulusi ndi wocheperako, chikoka pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya emulsion yaying'ono chidzachepetsedwa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ulusi wamankhwala monga poliyesitala amayamwa ma emulsion angapo ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi ma charger osiyanasiyana ndipo kufanana kwawo kuli bwino kuposa ulusi wa thonje.
1.Chikoka cha amino silicone ndi katundu wosiyana pa dzanja-kumverera kwa nsalu
① Kufewa
Ngakhale mawonekedwe a amino silikoni amapangidwa bwino kwambiri pomanga magulu a amino ogwira ntchito ku nsalu, komanso kukonzedwa mwadongosolo kwa silikoni kuti apange nsalu zofewa komanso zosalala. Komabe, kutsirizitsa kwenikweni kumatengera mtundu, kuchuluka, ndi kugawa kwamagulu amino omwe amagwira ntchito mu amino silikoni. Pa nthawi yomweyo, chilinganizo cha emulsion ndi pafupifupi tinthu kukula kwa emulsion zimakhudzanso zofewa kumverera. Ngati zomwe zili pamwambazi zitha kukhala bwino, kalembedwe kofewa kansalu kadzafika pamlingo wake, womwe umatchedwa "super soft". Mtengo wa ammonia wa zofewa za amino silikoni nthawi zambiri zimakhala pakati pa 0.3 ndi 0.6. Kukwera kwa mtengo wa ammonia, kugawanika kofanana kwa magulu a amino ogwira ntchito mu silikoni, ndipo nsaluyo imakhala yofewa. Komabe, pamene mtengo wa ammonia uli waukulu kuposa 0,6, kufewa kwa nsalu sikukuwonjezeka kwambiri. Komanso, ang'onoang'ono tinthu kukula kwa emulsion, ndi yabwino kwa adhesion wa emulsion ndi zofewa kumva.
② Kumveka bwino kwa manja
Chifukwa kusamvana kwapawiri kwa silikoni kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, amino silikoni yaying'ono emulsion ndiyosavuta kufalikira pamtunda, ndikupanga kumveka bwino. Nthawi zambiri, kuchepera kwa mtengo wa ammonia komanso kukula kwa molekyulu ya amino silikoni, kumapangitsa kusalala bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, silicone yothetsedwa ya amino imatha kupanga njira yabwino kwambiri chifukwa maatomu onse a silicon omwe amalumikizana ndi gulu la methyl, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti dzanja likhale losalala kwambiri.
